Methods Mol Biol. Since the integration of foreign genes in the T-DNA region of the Agrobacterium Ti plasmid, transformation vectors have evolved into disarmed binary and super-binary vectors (Davey et al., 2008; Davey et al., 2010; Komori et al., 2007). Broothaerts W., Mitchell H.J., Weir B., Kaines S., Smith L.M.A., Yang W., Mayer J.E., Roa-Rodriguez C., Jefferson R.A. (2005) Gene transfer to plants by diverse species of bacteria. - Protoplastes + Électroporation (Fromm et al. Generally vectors contain a selectable marker cassette and one to several gene-of-interest cassettes. Methods Mol Biol. Plant cell and tissue culture: The in vitro manipulation of plant cells and organs to generate transformable cells or tissues, which can be genetically engineered and subsequently regenerated into whole plants. 23–30. Running, when administered as an intervention to corticosterone administration, increases levels of adult neurogenesis and enhances Morris water maze performance in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (Yau et al., 2011). A similar type of tissue-culture-free transformation system has been reported in several crop species, but these reports are controversial and attempts to repeat them have failed (Shou et al., 2002; Stewart Jr., 2008). Hernandez-Garcia C.M., Bouchard R.A., Rushton P.J., Jones M.L., Chen X., Timko M.P., Finer J.J. (2010) High level transgenic expression of soybean (Glycine max) GmERF and Gmubi gene promoters isolated by a novel promoter analysis pipeline. Transgenic Research 18:831-840. - Explants + Biolistique (Sandford 1988)
Temporal control of gene expression is of particular significance for studies of memory, which both conceptually and at the molecular level consists of a number of temporally distinct phases. While pharmacological studies have provided initial evidence for the involvement of many genes, they are frequently limited by issues of nonspecificity. Transfer-DNA (T-DNA): The DNA that Agrobacterium transfers into a plant cell to ultimately transform it. Promoter: The DNA region, usually upstream to the coding sequence of a gene, which functions as a regulator of gene expression, and determines the start site of transcription. Currently, plant breeders work to produce crops to feed the masses, or support the burdening need for fiber and fuel. Integration of the two plasmids requires a region of homology present
J Bacteriol 169:4417-25. One plasmid contained two truncated Bt genes, one under the control of a green-tissue specific promoter, and the other under a pollen specific promoter. Les
Besides gene flow from transgenic cultivars to wild relatives, gene flow from a transgenic cultivar to non-transgenic cultivars could create problems for farmers when they go to sell their seed. Methods Mol Biol. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method is the major method for obtaining transgenic cotton. In contrast with GTS 40-30-2, MON89788 was produced by Agrobacterium transformation of tissue from the elite cultivar A3244. The most basic design of transformation vectors permits the cloning of a gene of interest that is driven by a specific promoter, and is often arranged in parallel with a selection marker (Davey et al., 2010). We used a combination of the BrdU method for labeling newly divided cells and the c-Fos method for determining whether the cells were activated or not after the animal was performing a certain task (e.g., running on a wheel, navigating a water maze, or exploring an open field) (Clark et al., 2012). Methods in Enzymology 217:483-509. Transgenes can be introduced into the hPSC genome via gene transfer methods including transfection, infection, and electroporation, methods which will be reviewed later. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-010-0272-2. Recently, we found that voluntary wheel running enhanced performance on the multistrain adapted plus version of the water maze in five different mouse strains (Merritt & Rhodes, 2015). Synonyme: vecteur bifonctionnel. (2005) Arabitol dehydrogenase as a selectable marker for rice. Transgenic crop plants: Principles and development:201. DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.08.002. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation; Environmental benefit; Pollen tube pathway; Risk assessment; Transgene; Transgenic cotton. Further, in both young and aged mice, access to a running wheel improved performance on the Morris water maze and increased levels of adult neurogenesis when compared to aged-matched controls (Gibbons et al., 2014; Marlatt et.al., 2012; van Praag, Shubert, Zhao, & Gage, 2005).
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